In Praise of the F Word Essay

According to, In Praise of the F Word, by Mary Sherry tens of thousands will graduate high school with meaningless diplomas. Those with meaningless diplomas are the ones who’s been passing along even though they don’t truly understand the materials taught to them. Sherry argues that our educational system is to blame for cheating those students out of a proper education; however, an easy remedy is for teachers to use the trump card of failure. Sherry claims that before students can concentrate, the teacher needs to get their attention first. I agree with Sherry that it’s unfair to those student cheated by our educational system but her trump card of failure doesn’t solve the problem. Instead, it feels more like a threat to the student than a motivation. Her method is incompatible for all students because all student are different and it takes a teacher’s involvement to understand, not a teacher’s threat. Sherry used blame the student’s lack of concentration to the class but instead she now blames the failure to get the student’s attention. No matter what distraction are at hand for the student, the teacher needs to get the student’s attention first. Sherry states that there are many ways to do this depending on the teaching style but one sure way is the trump card of failure. She points out an example of her son who was lacking attention in class and then received the trump card of failure. It resulted in her son finishing the semester with an A. I feel like Sherry’s argument is incomplete. She doesn’t acknowledge that all students are different, and that some come from a more rugged background than others. Different students need to be treated differently, so one method will not work on all students. For example, there are students that plainly do not understand the material taught to them so instead they make excuses. Teachers will see the student’s excuse as a lack of attention and fail that student but instead all that student needs is a bit of guidance. Sherry’s method will not work for students that are afraid to ask for help. Furthermore, the threat will not help the student but give the doubt in their abilities. A tool for motivation turns into a tool for discouragement. Instead of facing the challenge head on with the help of the teacher, the students are left alone with the threat ringing in their ears. Students that can’t take the pressure eventually drop out, students that can just keep to themselves and barely passing by. I admit that Sherry brings up a good point; In order for a student to succeed in school, they first need to be attentive. Teachers need to find way to get the student’s attention but Sherry’s one all be all way will not help the teacher nor the students. Sherry implies that students perceive education as less important compared to their adult counterparts. no matter what environments they come from† students will not put school as a top priority on their list. Her argument was that for adults, even with complications in life i. e. unemployment, drug, abusive relationship, still make an effort towards higher education. Sherry states that compared to the adults, students rather be carefree while on cruise control through school. I wholeheartedly agree with Sherry that students would rather have a fun stress free school life instead of a prison, but I have a problem with her implications of a â€Å"terrible environments. Sherry hints that environments does not affect a student’s involvement in school but i think she’s severely inaccurate. Where a student come from, i. e. his life’s background, greatly affect what kind of person that student will turn out to be. For example, a student can come from a background that greatly values education; at the same time, another student can come from a background that could care significantly less about education. Not everyone is molded the same, there are students that are eager to learn, while there are also students that would refuse the help of a teacher. Sherry claims that the threat of flunking can be used as a positive teaching tool; a show of confidence by the teacher and parent to the student. However, She also completely fails to specify why students fail in the first place. There are students who doesn’t value education because of their unsupportive parents. Sherry’s son might be an inaccurate example because not all students have an english teacher as a parent. My friend Hao is a perfect example. Hao and I were best friends in middle school and freshmen year high school. His parents are always working so he’s exceedingly relaxed towards school. Everytime I hang out with him he’s either playing video games or watching movies. Eventually the lack of care for school caught up with him and he was held back for another freshman year. We try to keep in touch but our friendship grew apart because we aren’t in the same grade anymore. Sometime we would go weeks without seeing each other and the intervals just got longer each time. The times I do see him, I can tell he’s miserable. He dropped out without telling me and to this day I still wonder if I encouraged him alittle more about school, maybe he would’ve graduated with me. To my friend, Hao, school was just not important to him and even a threat of failure will not convince him otherwise. In his world, games were more important and school is just a nuisance. He was never taught the true value of an education by his parents. I know he’s not alone and there are many students like him. Although their world might not be gaming, it could be something else like friends, drugs, intercourse, etc. Sherry’s trump card of failure would of failed them, instead they need support not threats. While Sherry may claim that the success of the trump card of failure in the past. I would like to point out that things are forgotten for a reason. In this care the trump card of failure is deemed ineffective against the youths of today. Her method of teachers using threats against students for their attention will not help but damage. Everyone is unique and teachers need to deploy unique tactics to encourage students. A word of threat can only get so far, but the consequence greatly outweighs the worth.

Why Did Henry Break with Rome?

Why Did Henry Break With Rome? Henry the VIII broke from Rome because of four main reasons: money, power, religion and succession. Some of the main reasons are linked together, one example is succession which is linked to power. By having a son he thought it would maintain his power at the throne when he was no longer ruler. I think that power was the most important reason. I think this because if he broke away from the Church of Rome, he could take control of the church.This meant that he could unlock the riches that the church held. By doing this he could pay for the wars he fought and the power he had over his people. He also would have more money to leave in the treasury, not only for himself but future generations. The money would lead to power; his greatest desire. To carry this power on he wanted it to be entrusted in a son. All the reasons link together to show his need for power as king. One of the reasons why Henry broke from the Roman Church was because he needed money.Whe n Henry was made king he was short of money because he had fought lots of expensive wars. Henry then noticed that the church had a lot of money. If he took over the church all of its treasury would be his. Source 1 states that â€Å"monasteries were very rich and owned about a quarter of the land in the country†, so he could then close down the monasteries, take their money and sell of the land. Henry needed the money for power so that he could then build a stronger army and fight more wars.This would then show that he was a powerful king. Money is not the most important reason but it is an important reason. Another reason he broke from the Roman Church is because he wanted power and control over his people. Henry wanted to make sure that he was in total control of England so he needed to get rid of anyone that might threaten his position including the pope. In 1534 the pope announced that Henrys marriage to Anne Boleyn was invalid. So Henry reacted by saying that the pope no longer had authority in England.

Barrier and communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Barrier and communication - Essay Example These are the logical responsibilities of communication. Communication also impinges on the enthusiasm of employees to endow with useful suggestions In fact, effective communication between supervisors and employees for employees to make the important development require at every stage of decision. Employees characteristically are diffident to shape their goals, their concerns and their disappointments. Of course, an employee may be a moaner and share views to the summit a supervisor silently begs for less "communication." Much more widespread is necessitate better understanding what an employee is "really thinking. There are a number of ways that people go erroneous situation when communicating. Unfortunately, obstructions to workplace communication can escort to co-worker alienation, a stoppage to make a good intuition, arguments and misinterpretations. Perceptual Barriers: Employees nurture familiarized to perceiving things in meticulous ways, making it complicated to distinguish new meanings. For example, a manager who has a preference to appoint Ivy League graduates may neglect the outstanding and excellent contributions that could be made by a group of people, society, community and college students. Due to unfounded perceptions, a worker may urge incorrect solutions. Sandra Cleary suggests in her book â€Å"Communication: A Hands-On Approach† that education and intelligence impinge on our way of thinking, as do a persons physiological, security and self esteem needs. Physiological Barriers: Physiological barriers are characteristics of the speaker or listener that interfere with the transmission or reception of knowledge. Such as, an itching may make it complicated to be considerate to a conversation or drowsiness may affect an employees attentiveness. Physical soreness, aches and depression also unconstructively influence hearing and elucidation of a message. Other issues, such as famine,

Briefly discuss, using specific examples, the issue of vaccine safety Outline

Briefly discuss, using specific examples, the issue of vaccine safety - Outline Example They argue that the effectiveness and safety of vaccines are not guaranteed. Issues surrounding the safety of vaccines are based on the fact that the use of vaccines has been associated with health problems that occur as side effects upon using vaccines. Specifically, autism has controversially been a condition that has been linked to the use of vaccines, with children within the relevant age bracket being the most vulnerable. In this regard, parents have raised concerns over the underlying risks in vaccine use. Governments, states, and more especially medical interventionists are embarking on monitoring health status of most vaccinated patients in a bid to ensure that vaccines remain safe, over and above being effective (Miller, 2009, p.173). While most vaccines have passed safety tests, cases of vaccines that are not safe cannot be ruled out. The occurrence of health problems that result from vaccines also remains an open phenomenon, thereby necessitating intensive analysis of vaccines’ side effects and subsequent health complications that they are likely to

Topic Development of an Integrated Marketing Communication Mix Essay

Topic Development of an Integrated Marketing Communication Mix Strategy - Essay Example This report mainly deals how HP would implement its Integrated Marketing Communication mix strategy in Russia and achieve success. HP is well known for its innovation thus applying its innovation strategy HP can lead the Russian IT industry. The report starts with an introduction on IMC, carried on by market and literature review. The research methodology used for this report is primary research; the technique is described broadly in research methodology. The next part is an analysis and discussion on the marketing strategies specifically the IMC strategies that HP should take up in order to build a stand in Russia. The last section of the report states recommendation for HP which would be beneficial for the company when it enters the Russian market. Briefly the report highlights the IMC plan for HP to help it enter the competitive market of Russia. Introduction Integrated marketing communication is an essential tool for the marketers to communicate with their target audience. A mark eting strategy can be defined as a set of conscious decision made by a marketer in order to determine which segment of the society is being offered a particular product, generally the target market and how to penetrate to the chosen target market. The target market can be the existing or the potential customers which the marketer aims to satisfy with its particular product or services (Koekemoer & Bird, 2004, p.1). IMC helps customers in the various stage of buying process as IMC wraps communications around customers which helps it to nurture and develop a good bonding with its customers, a bound of loyalty which protects the marketer from the intense competition. The company chosen for the report is HP an IT giant based in USA. HP is a technology company which has its operation based in 170 countries across the globe. HP has been known for its technology and services and explores on how these technologies can serve customer better and improve ways of addressing its problems and cha llenges so that the company is able to realize their aspiration, possibilities and dreams (HP, 2011). This project aims to develop an effective integrated marketing communication strategy for the company, which is planning to enter the market of Russia. The Russian technologies have grown from simple nothing to a billion dollar industry in less than a two decade (SRAS, 2006). This phenomenal growth has attracted many IT giants and HP one of the leading IT player plans to enter the Russian IT market. Market and Literature Review The concept of IMC has received a considerable coverage, but even though many of its ardent supporters have noted problems in actually translating the concept into reality. According to many survey it has been revealed that a strong commitment exits by both the marketers and advertising agencies (Eagle & Kitchen, n.d). This study will relay on the research information which is mainly gathered from primary and secondary sources which are based on communication theories, integrated marketing communication theory. Introduction IMC is defined as a strategic approach to corporate communication which coordinates the communication made by the companies to present a consistent message to its consumers and public. To address the issue that communication

Rights and Obligations of Spouses in Islamic Marriage Research Paper

Rights and Obligations of Spouses in Islamic Marriage - Research Paper Example Seeking to understand and evaluate the main rights and obligations of spouses in an Islamic marriage, the following aims to provide a thorough, yet critical overview of an important issue. With an emphasis on the important obligations facing both men and women as they pertain to marriage, this critical essay will utilize the research of Amina Wadud-Muhsin, in her groundbreaking piece Qur’an and Women, to understand the ways in which gender is framed through an Islamic lens. Following this, an overview of the issues studied will conclude with a critical overview of the important rights and obligations of spouses within Islam. The following section turns more thoroughly to the main rights and obligations with the institution of marriage within Islam (Chaudhry, 2001). Developed through the teachings of the late Prophet Mohammad and framed within the social context in which the doctrine developed, Islam has prescribed roles for both men and women within the Islamic faith. Islam invites all the Muslims to follow Islamic teachings in all spheres of their life for the deliverance of humanity. The Qu’ran is the sacred text of all Muslims which is revealed to Prophet Muhammad. Islamic teachings are best understood through both the Qu’ran and Hadith. Allah says in the Qu’ran, "And He does not speak out of caprice. It is not but a revelation revealed, taught him by one terrible in power. (Chapter-53: verses-3 to 5). Islam proclaims to do everything fi-sabilillah (for the sake of God). Islam also orders Muslims to visit and take care of sick persons. Furthermore, the relationship between husband and wife is seen as one of the most important social bonds which exist in society (Esposito, 2008). An Islamic marriage begins with the nikah, which is the matrimonial contract between husband and wife. The marriage can only be said to be Islamically sound if the prerequisites of nikah are fulfilled and entered into without duress.

Religion journal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Religion journal - Essay Example it excludes those sayings in which Jesus might have repeated elements from his religious heritage, and those which the church might have taken over from Jesus; and both kinds of sayings were surely on his lips. Nevertheless, in its scientific austerity the criterion of dissimilarity is the surest place to start in seeking to recover the teaching of Jesus. The three angels bring messages in the eternal gospel (v). Angels can be compared with messiahs who inform the audience about certain events: Babylon the Great and the warning message brought by the third angel. Historically, Bible was used to justify racism and injustice because it is always seen as the main books of moral laws and rules, cods of ethics and behavior. The Bible says something essential about God. In the present world the purpose and justice of God are not clearly apparent. A Christian will not question God's justice, but conditions in the world do not demonstrate it. Faith cannot escape the conviction that in the end God will vindicate his justice, manifest his fairness and goodness, and show his power to achieve his purpose. To regard this present tangled world situation as our last word about God would be fatal to New Testament faith. Jesus was not a figure of the past for his followers, but a living presence. He had risen from the dead and was spiritually present in his communities; his apostles and prophets spoke words inspired by his spirit, and since no strict distinction was made between the remembered words of the historical Jesus and the inspired words of the risen Christ, the tradition contains both kinds of material arbitrarily. It is also necessary to a sound faith in human destiny. It is not now obvious that life deals out fair treatment and offers wholesome fulfillment to all who seek...Anyone who would write about the teaching of Jesus first deals with the problem of ascertaining what that teaching was. The Old Testament can be seen and understood in relation to Christ. Jesus found guidance for his ministry and preaching in the Scriptures of his people. The earliest preachers used the Old Testament to show God's purpose in Christ, and interpreted the Christian faith as the divinely given fulfillment of the faith of Israel. If Christianity is true, the Christian interpretation of the Old Testament is the true interpretation. This life with God is life in a fellowship of worshipers. In both the Old and New Testaments the people of God furnish the setting of individual faith and worship. So, too, in the final order it is not as hermits, but as sharers in a human fellowship that men know and worship and serve God. But such good life exists only where man obeys God's will. Man is so made that he is not himself, he cannot find happiness, unless he accepts God as his Lord and lives in obedience to the divine will. But, as the New Testament sees, man has not yielded this acceptance and obedience. He is a sinner. His need roots in this fact. And this need is universal. No stress on the initiative and work of God excludes or obscures the responsibility of man to make the right response. To recognize the primacy and completeness of God's work through Christ puts the focus where it belongs, and gives the credit where it is due. But God has made man as a person, responsible for right decision and action. Every phase of life is included in this loyalty.

Social Welfare to Student Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Social Welfare to Student - Research Proposal Example Nevertheless, several of the undergraduate students consider social welfare policy to be disinteresting (Popple & Leighninger; Woik, Pray, Weismiller & Dempsey). Some of the students like working only with people and families and are not interested in macro-level issues. Some others do not have enough experience in tackling with the major troubles, thus they have to be striving with the thinking of incompetence to comprehend social welfare policies. Still others find that it is difficult to apply policy structures to the political, economic and socio-cultural complications which are a part of the social welfare troubles. There is a theory that by using experimental styles for teaching students about the social welfare policy, they would be able to attain more knowledge and skill regarding their work on social and economic justice matters. In this study a comparison of two kinds of ways will be presented. One way is by teaching about social welfare policy as a service learning course while the other incorporates social welfare policy into the learners' class experience. This study has been undertaken in order to provide the teachers and students with the information regarding the methods of teaching about the issue at hand. This was the motivation. Through this they can discover the ways of teaching effectively. Many know about the students' disinterestedness in matters regarding social welfare policy. ... Several of the teachers have seen this for themselves and have noticed how such feelings may rise to such heights that they do not allow the learner to absorb the new information, employ logical structures, and reflect on the probabilities for social action. Although these troubles are troubling a survey for the graduates revealed that they feel that their education did not help them as much in social welfare policy as it did for doing direct service (Anderson & Harris, 511-512). Service learning is being noticed a lot in social work partially because of the experimental pedagogy of service learning is congruent to the social work's feasible focus, and both stress on the requirement of addressing the social difficulties. Initiating at the position at which the patron is a hallmark of social work practice which is strengthened in service-learning programs prerequisite that the society and not the leaner is the one defining the difficult and the actions which they would carry out so as to tackle with it (Jacoby & Associates; Weigert). Likewise, service learning modules, for example social work, are defined through a meaning of reciprocity and empathy in people's relations (Enos & Troppe; Eyler & Giles; Rhoads). Furthermore, service learning stresses on consideration together with the act so as to allow the students to raise their consciousness and to challenge their rulings concerning the social troubles like poverty, tyranny, and communal prejudice. This syste m promotes the stress of social work on morals explanation and its augmented dedication to tackle the issues of communal and monetary unfairness. In spite of there existing a match between service education and social work, there are not many social welfare policy modules that

Work Experience Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Work Experience - Essay Example 2.2. Communication Skills†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦....5 2.3. Time Management†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.5 2.4. Team Work†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦....6 2.5. Organizational Skills†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.7 3. Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.7 4. References†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.8 5. Work Day Activity†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦9 1. Introduction: The report is intended to portray my work experience and the improvements that I have accomplished over my performance and skills over the working period of time at Newlook. At this point I would like to provide the reader with an idea about the organization that I had been associated with and job profile that I had worked in. Newlook, being one of the popular fashion companies in the UK has its operations spread worldwide, since it had started its operations in 1969 (Overiew, 2011). The company has its focus on providing its customers with their in-house manufactured products that can offer value to the consumers for the price they pay for them (How We Work, 2011). I was placed in the retail department of the company and was responsible to look after the sales of the company’s products from the retail stores of the company meeting the demands of the customers. 2. Skills Obtained 2.1. Transferable Skills: Basic skills are highly important as these include the basic workplace literacy and the management and performance skills required for any kind of job that an organization may require fulfilling in order to accomplish its objectives. Such skills are developed while working within an organization (Rainbird, Fuller & Munro, 2004, p.102). These are transferable skills that can be used in different organizations and in different work profiles (Cameron, 1999). This is also necessary because people nowadays tend to change their jobs frequently that require him being competent in his work skills to be capable of adapting to the different job profiles. My work experience at Newlook gave me the opportunity to improve my management and interpersonal skills thus developing my personal abilities towards performing on the activities that were given to me as my responsibilities. Not only did I learn the art of looking after the sales of the products, at the same time, I learnt how to manage any unexpected circumstances or confrontations, and how to interact with different members and organize functions for workers who were subordinate to me, thus having an overall learning of management and personal development. 2.2. Communication Skills: Communication skills are one of the most important factors within any organization because it is only through communications that one’s ideas and thoughts can be shared and passed on to others. When a work has to be done by others, it needs to be communicated properly such that the work is implemented correctly. Also relationships are improved if communications between different members are satisfying (Cheema, 2009, p.61). My work experience at Newlook has also enabled me to improve my communication skills to a great extent. In the process of my working, I had the opportunity to observe my seniors performing their activities, interacting with their subordinates as well as the managers. Thi s observation has helped me a lot to unlearn the manners of communicating different views to other organizational members. In my work profile, I had to continuously communicate to the workers as well as report to my seniors. Hence it improved mu understanding of the ways of

Microsoft PowerPoint Essay Example for Free

Microsoft PowerPoint Essay The development of add-ins into existing and established computer applications such as Microsoft’s PowerPoint is increasing use and function extending not only the longevity of programs but also software development and networking. The PowerPoint versions beginning with the 2003 edition have allowed for greater among Microsoft’s in-house as well as independent developers to create add-ins for various users that in effect has created UI’s unique for individual users (Wenzel, 2007). Majority of the add-ins that has been developed have focused on enhancing the visual appeal of PowerPoint such as animation, interactivity and media. The effort is seen to be motivated by the objective of making PowerPoint not just a basic or generalist presentation (Microsoft Office, 2007). Bridging between Microsoft programs is also evident since the add-ins do not only affect PowerPoint but also other Office programs as well as other non-Office programs such as Producer 2003 or independent programs produced by Macromedia, Java and even open source technology (Harrison, 2001; â€Å"Microsoft PowerPoint Add-Ins†, 2002). Thought there have also been efforts in developing add-ins to extend from the Microsoft platform, there are still significant security issues particularly regarding macros, language and technology copyrights. Overall, current developments in PowerPoint add-ins remain focused on UI development and visual development and functionality. Accesses to the program’s functions have not differed significantly except for the increased control over performance to afford shifting between desktop and mobile use (Wenzel, 2007). The strategy for the PowerPoint franchise is its ease of use and the remaining dominance of Microsoft operating systems as a platform. However, the add-ins are indication that other operating systems are being recognized and the need to be user-focused in development.

The Changing Status Of Indian Women

The Changing Status Of Indian Women Historiography went throughout massive changes in 20th century especially after Second World War. Political history was replaced and challenged by socio-cultural history which broadening perspective towards theoretical innovations and brought new fields into historiography, most notably gender history which brought to historiography in the form of women history. However gender studies is an independent discipline which brought fifty percent of the population into the focus of historical studies that was previously generally gender blind or simply masculine. Women history is the study of the role that women played in history which includes the growth of women rights as recorded in history and the examination of an individual woman of historical significance and the effects of historical events on women. Women history emerged as a independent disciplines in 1960s or 1970s because, the traditional historical writing have minimized and ignored the contribution of women and also the effec ts of historical events on women as a whole, in this respect, women history is often a from of historical revisionism seeking to challenge the traditional historical consensus. History was written mainly by men and about mens activities in public spheres politics, war and diplomacy and aministration.Women was usally mentioned or portrayed in stereotyped role such as mother, wives, daughter and mistress.  [1]   In Indian history we can get references about the role of women from the beginning of the Indus valley civilization, the first known civilization of India which said to have flourished in 25th century BC. As per historical evidences peoples of this valley worshiped natural forces and divine power were mostly feminine. Nature was often called by term mother. Mother goddess was the first worshiped deity in the Indus valley. Indus community was basically matriarchal so there was no existence of the gender discrimination. Men and women both were engaged in food gathering which was the main economic activity that reveals equal participation of both in daily economic life.  [2]   The essence of the Vedic period as reflected in Vedic literature like four Vedas namely Rig, Yajur, Sama and Atharvam and their different branches like Brahmanas and Upanishads.The Early Vedic age which begins from 1500 B.C. and the post-Vedic age which extends from 1000 B.C. to 500 B.C. The word Veda primarily means knowledge, which virtually signifies sacred knowledge or scripture. During the Rig-Vedic or Early Vedic age that most of the hymns of the Rig-Veda were composed. It was in the later Vedic period that the Brahmanas, the three other Vedas and the Upanishads were composed.  [3]   During the Vedic era the patriarchal culture superseded the matriarchal culture and gender discrimination being introduced in the society, but the Rig-Veda reflect a stage where women enjoyed equal status of man and the Vedic sacrifices were jointly performed by both men and women.  [4]  But patriarchy never suppressed women rights and privileges. Girls were given education from 4th century BC. There were no references about child marriage in Rig-Vedic era.  [5]  If any girl wants to continue her education without marriage they were allowed to do so. There are two types of educated wise women were in Vedic period Brahmavadinis and Sadyodvahas. Many educated women became teacher in Vedic period they are called Upadhyayinis. Lopamudra was a famous women preacher who composed 179 hymns of Rig-Veda jointly with Agasthya. According to Dr Roy choudhury women not only composed hymns but were also well-versed in sacred texts. Women also learnt music and dancing  [6]  The Vedic pe oples were not conscious about gender power- politics and conflict at that time because Vedic society was then at a developing stage not in a complex mode. Widows remarriage was permitted in the Rig-Vedic society. Rig-Veda mentioned several hymns like the widow who lay on the pyre by the side of her dead husband was asked to come to the world of the living.  [7]  Rig-Veda also gave references about the freedom of women in Vedic society; they attended all religious festivals and fairs with their loved ones. The Aryans believed thatà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ the wife and the husband being the equal halves of one substance were regarded equal in every respect and both took equal part in all duties, religious and social.  [8]  During Vedic age inter-caste marriage took place in the society. According to D.N Jha à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦in one case the father was a priest, the mother grinder of corn and the son a physician, all three lived happily together.  [9]   But the degradation of women status was started in the later Vedic period. We can get references about post Vedic society from the Brahmanas, Upanisads and the Ramayana and the Mahabharata. Smriti writers Manu, Yajnavalkya began to favour seclusion of women. Social customs and tradition were reinforced by the law-givers which degraded the position of women and the gender discrimination has begun. Indian society was based on caste system where Brahmins are preoccupied the top most position. Where Jain and Buddhist religion tried their best to bring equality in the society there Brahminical religion began to enforce strict moral code for their followers. Patriarchal families became powerful during this period and restrict womens activities. They were looked down upon as a temptation and hindrance in their march towards higher development.  [10]   The child widow were forcedly live a life with full of restriction which marred them physically and mentally, and from the 1st century AD the law givers prohibited widow remarriage. The writer of Arthasastra kautilya considered women as a child bearing machine and encouraged pre-pubescent marriages which damaged child bride mentally and physically because she was not physically fit to conceive a child and the adolescent pregnancy carries higher risk due to toxaemia (Organic Blood Poisoning), Cephalo-pelvic disproportion* and uterine inertia (uterine inertia that occurs when the uterus fails to contract with sufficient force to effect continuous dilation or effacement of the cervix or descent or rotation of the fetal head, and when the uterus is easily indentable at the acme of contraction). Other disorders which affect children born to young mothers are CNS malformation (Central Nervous System) and CVS malformation which involves the cardiovascular system. The effects of physical hea lth also effects women self-confidence level. Now they were only capable of producing child and managing household affairs and their other socially useful activities prevailed. According to Romila Thapar Manu was felt that the inter-caste marriage would pollute the Aryan society. So à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦to avoid pollution, you must control birthà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ but you lose control over birth, if you lose control over women  [11]  Manu also makes some provision for punishment of a woman by her husband if she makes any faults. She should be beaten by rope or by bamboo. Manu never sanctioned widow remarriage because she should remain faithful to her husbands memory but the widower could marry again. In Rig-Vedic times women was denied the right of inheritance. But Putrika could inherit her fathers wealth. The Niyoga system was encouraged where women was forced to marry her brother-in-law to safeguard property rights. In Vedic and post Vedic ages women married and unmarried daughter had some rights of inheritance but a widow, as well as wife, had no claim over her husbands property. Marriage became compulsory for Hindus. And the patriarchal system tended to keep the status of women at a low level, and the emergence of the joint family with special property rights for the male members reinforced male dominance.  [12]  The Rig-Vedic concept of Sahadharmini was replaced by Pativrata Dharma. This began a master- slave relationship between husband and wife. The right of choice of life partner was also taken away from woman. Manu in 2th century B.C insisted that women should always controlled by his male superior, in child age she must be controlled by her father, then after by his husband in her youth and in old age she must be controlled by his sons.  [13]   The Buddhist age witnessed a serious change in the status of Indian women. Gautama Buddha made the adoption of daughters valid which squashed the general belief that the birth of son was indispensible to attain salvation. Apart from this women were accepted as nun in the Buddhist monasteries. Admission of women into the monastic order secured for them a religious status and they played a vital role in propagating Buddhism. Buddha was allowed women to marry man of her choice and also gave the wife the right to inherit the husbands property. Buddhism also permitted divorce in some special cases. Buddhism also legalizing the right of unmarried daughter to the inherit fathers property in the absence of a son which provided women economic independence. Buddha also encouraged widow remarriage and finally in 12th century A.D the widows right of inheritance was recognize. Buddhism also gave prostitutes legal status by admitted them in Sanghas life, now they could live a life of alms-women. There were separate rules obviously discriminatory for men women who wanted to join the Buddhist Sanghas. In the annual Upostha Ceremony Buddhism also reveals the prejudice against women. Another discriminatory rule is mentioned in Sulla Vogga according to which the official admonition by an alms-woman is forbidden, whereas the official admonition of an alms woman by a monk is not forbidden.  [14]  Buddhism improved the status of at least a section of women who embraced that religion. The majority of women at that time lived in abject subordination, under the restraints imposed by Brahmanical religion. But the overall development in womens life and work soon eclipsed by the reassertion of Brahmanical religion. Buddhism never tried to abolish existing social order. The two main joint forces which degrade women position are joint family and caste system remained unalterable. Thats why some scholar has argued that the Buddhism was failed to understand the situation of woman from the angle of social justice. If justice were to be really done mere laws are not sufficient. It takes a total re-orientation in judicial thinking and attitude, if gender justice is to be doneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ã‚  [15]   During the early medieval period the status women were gone lower and she was regarded equal status of Sudras. The smriti writers prohibited intercaste marriages. After Muslim invasion à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Indian religion and social customs were faced with a system which was equally formulated and definite.  [16]  Which resulted caste system was became more rigid. Occupation now began to determine by birth. Now the lower society of Hindu castes was got an opportunity to assert their dignity by convert to the religion of equality i.e. Islam. Thats way Islam was spread very fast in some parts in India. Women dependence to her husband and was a prominent features of this period. Indian women now have lost their access to Streedhana or dowry and engaged themselves in farming and weaving. Now women cant freely participate in any religious festivals and functions with her male partner. Another social evil like child marriage adversely affected the health of the girls. Besides Muslims rulers in India had large harems which encouraged polygamy, even among the Hindus there was no limit set to the number of wives a man can take. Another social evil that existed in medieval India was female infanticide which was prevalent among the Rajputs and other higher castes and even among the Muslims. Purdah system gained popularity with the advent of the Muslims, Purdah is actually a Persian word According to Patricia Jeffrey Purdah is a part and parcel of stratification in India It becomes the mental foot binding, the frogs in a well syndrome, the submissiveness of the young bride and the inability of adult women to cope with the world outside.  [17]   Female infanticide was a negative effect of dowry system but this system became an integral part of the marriage ceremony in medieval India. It became a heavy burden to the poor peoples. The condition of Hindu widow became more miserable during Muslim period. She was forced to lead a life which was full of sorrows and was far from all worldly pleasure. The feudal society of Muslim India encouraged the practice of Sati. By the burning herself with her own husband she proves her loyalty. According to Soroj Gulati because of the continuous wars, there were chances of too many widows young and old, and a big question was how to accommodate them without bringing stigma to the family or creating problems for society.  [18]  Prostitution became a recognized institution in medieval India besides the Debdasi system in south India degraded the status of women, under this worst system women were brides of Gods but they are supposed to entertain kings, priests and even number of upper classes. According to Alberuni the kings make them an attraction for their cities, a bait of pleasure for their subjects, for no other but financial reasons.  [19]   The contribution of European to rediscovery of Indias ancient past was widely accepted by several scholars and writers of the nineteenth and twentieth century but their perception was influenced by British by two separate contradictory ways. One strand was represented by the Orientalists, whose reconstruction of the glory of Indian civilization was taken over lock, stock, and barrel by 19th century Indian writers. Another strand was the Utilitarian and Evangelical attack on contemporary Indian society on the visibly low status of women. The early Indian nationalist writers successfully constructed an image of womanhood in the lost past as a counter to the real existence of woman in the humiliating present. The woman question was not a theme that was foregrounded in the earliest work of the Asiatic society. William Jones did not pay any attention to Sati. It was Henry Thomas Colebrooke who focuses attention directly upon the women question on his first research On the Duties of the Faithful Hindu Widow  [20]  where he presented the textual position of sati. In the first quarter of the 19th century Raja Rammohun Roy declared crusade against sati, and argued that the ultimate goal of all Hindu was selfless absorption in a divine essence, a union that could not flow from an action like sati. In the 19th century Indian intelligentsia group involve in a dual encounter with colonial ideology. Awareness of the past through Orientalist scholarship was encounters by a strong negative perception of the present those missionaries, administrators; travelers were engaged in writing about this issue. The women question became a crucial tool in the colonial ideology. Colonial writers focused on the barbaric practices pertaining to women of the Hindu civilization. One of finest example and best known work in this perspective is James mills History of British India where Mill suggested that the Hindus were a high cultured people now in a state of decline. He judged the civilization was the position it accorded to its women. His conclusion was that the practice of segregating women did not come with the Mohammedans; rather, it was a consequence of the whole sprit of the Hindu society by which women must be constantly guarded at all times for fear of their intimate tendency towards infidelity. He states that Hindus compared women with a heifer on the plain that longeth for fresh grasses, referring to their uncontrollable sexuality.  [21]   The degradation of women position in Hindu civilization requiring the protection and intervention of colonial state, that the Hindus were unfit to rule themselves. On this ground British rule in India could be justified by a humanitarian and moral level. Indian intellect classes react violently to this grim picture of Hindu civilization and marshaled argument against each major criticism. The condition of women in past was a key aspect of historical writing in 1840s.One such example in this account provided by M.C Deb a converted Christian member of Young Bengal group according to him men in India look upon women as household slaves and treat them with a superciliousness that even the Sultan of Turkestan does not show towards his meanest serf.  [22]  In 1842 Peary Chand Mitra provided a well versed response to the mill approach on the position of women in Hindu civilization. He shows references from Sanskrit text Mahanirban Tantra which states that daughter should be nursed and educated with care and married to learned man.  [23]  His view about Indian women crystallized a national feminine identity which was based on high culture and nationalist writers are arguing about the high status of women in ancient India which is noticeable in Clarisse Baders monograph on ancient Indian women was published in 1867 which was directly inspired by Max Muellerian view of romanticization of ancient past. According to Baders view the Sati was an expression of womans ability to go beyond the bounds of requirement.  [24]  This view was inspired by western Orientalist womanhood identity that a women should be learned, free and highly cultured. In 1888 R.C Dutta provides a comprehensive rebuttal of Mills denigration of lower status of Hindu women. Women of the past valorized in two separate ways one of them their spiritual potential and their role as sahadharminis and a heroic resister to alien rulers who choose their death rather than dishonour.  [25]  According to Jashodhara Bagchi, the inherent tension between past and present womanhood was resolved by Bankimchandra in his last novels. In Anandamath he portrayed a women character shanti who fights shoulder to shoulder with her husband in liberating the motherland from shackles. Here shanti provided a role model of womanhood closest to a national identity during late 19th and 20th centuries, till up to Indian independence.  [26]   Another social reformer Dayaananda Saraswati believed the Vedic women lived an idyllic existence and fully participates in all areas of public life, but Muslim influence had taught Hindus to imprison their women within the house.  [27]  Dayananda was a sole rationale of a womans existence. According to him a child body is made up of elements derived from the body of mother, so mother getting weaker after each confinement. For continued needs of propagating strong and healthy children, the wife and husband should be content with each other.  [28]  Throughout the 19th century the most problematic category of women were widows for consequence of early marriage and reformers were attempting to resolve the problem, Dayananda found his solution that remarriage for both men and women was equally valid if there were no children from earlier marriage. But the best practice for both man and woman is Brahmacharya (self-control), followed by adoption but who cant control their passions t he best recourse is niyoga.  [29]   The woman question had dominated throughout most of the 19th century was something of a casualty during this period, has faced a tremendous reaction against the Age of Consent Bill because of implicit fear of conservatives of the lost control over womens sexuality. In the closing decade of the 19th century we have got a unique identity of Indian womanhood from Swami Vivekananda who characterized Hindu womanhood by her devotional and spiritual character instead of western materialist setting womanhood.  [30]  In the changed political and social environment of the late 19th century the women image which was portrayed by the nationalists was more important than the reality throughout of the 20th century, the image also came to examined by the reality through the work of Altekar, as the historical reality.

British and Iraq, history :: essays research papers

The "Sovereign" Iraqi Monarchy and British Colonialism In 1932, the League of Nations admitted Iraq as a sovereign state fully aware that British influence continued in Iraqi political, economic and military areas through a new 25-year treaty. Britain's aim was for indirect control of Iraq through advisors, military bases and access to Iraq's tax collections. In this way, it avoided the high cost of large troop deployment on foreign soil. Yet, the fiction of indirect control failed to convince Iraqis. As boundaries became fixed for this new nation, internal power struggles flared up between the different religious factions, pitting one ethnic group against another. Further, the new borders resulted in frequent border disputes with Iraq's mainly new neighbors in addition to widespread ethnic and economic dislocation. While trying to strike a balance between nationalist and British influences, King Faisal's Hashemite monarchy struggled to mold a political community under these overwhelming pressures. Rebellion among the ethnic groups was a constant problem, particularly from the Kurds and Assyrians. Although previously bestowing favor on one or the other, Britain now employed the brutal force of the Iraqi military to suppress dissent. These actions forebode future patterns for Iraq where dissent provoked heavy handed military repression. Into this arena came General Bakr Sidqi, an ambitious and powerful Kurdish commander, who had not only military but growing political aspirations. In September 1933, when King Faisal died, Iraq lost the main stabilizing force in Iraqi politics. Despite the challenges to the monarchy's legitimacy, the King alone was able to unite the various political personalities in support of Iraqi nationalism. His 21-year old son, Ghazi, was western educated and knew little of Iraqi tribal society when he became monarch. During his reign, Iraqi politics degenerated into strife between urban elites and tribal sheikhs that further undermined the newly established political institutions and constitution. General Bakr Sidqi led a coup d'etat in 1936, the first military coup that the modern Arab world was to experience. The British did not intervene as their policy of indirect control was yielding results and the coup threatened only the parliament. However, Sidqi was to last only one year. There was yet a second coup in 1937 by other military officers, called "the Circle of Seven", who managed to rule Iraq with King Ghazi as figurehead until 1941. This group dealt with dissent harshly, imposing martial law, press censorship and establishing a detention camp.

A Method To Memory :: essays research papers

A Method to Memory The other night I was sitting at home in my room watching the Rockets game, and my phone begins to ring. I answer "Hello", and I hear this frantic voice that I recognize as my friend Mandy's. Mandy is a nervous wreck, she has a big bio-chem test in the morning and can't seem to remember a thing. I ask her what kind of information she has, and she tells me she has notes and her book. Now being the nice guy I am, and having just completed learning about memory in my Intro to Psych class, I turned off the T.V. and told her I'd help her learn to memorize things. The first thing I told her about was a method called rehearsal. I explained that rehearsal involved repeating the information time after time to keep it from fading from her short term memory, or STM. She was a bit confused so I simplified it for her. I reminded her of the other night when she was looking for the number to Pizza Hut in the phone book, and when she found it she started repeating over and over until she got to the phone and could dial it. She was astounded that she was doing this all along and didn't even know it. I then explained another short term memory method known as chunking. She cringed and thought I was talking about the keg party the other night, but I explained that chunking involves taking a large number or word and breaking it down into smaller pieces that could be remembered easier. I also told her that she could chunk together the first letters of a phrase to make it more accessible to her memory retrieval system. I gave her the example of the New York Stock Exchange, or N.Y.S.E. That helped her a lot, but she was concerned whether or not she would remember it all for the final, so I told her the more rehearsing she did, the deeper she would commit the information to memory.

The Scaffold of Sin in The Scarlet Letter Essay -- Scarlet Letter essa

The Scaffold of Sin in The Scarlet Letter   Ã‚  Ã‚   "This scaffold constituted a portion of a penal machine . . . . The very ideal of ignominy was embodied and made manifest in this contrivance of wood and iron" (Hawthorne 62-63). A scaffold's effect on the novel can be seen through an examination of the first, second, and third scaffold scenes.   These sections mark the beginning, middle, and end of the novel. The novel The Scarlet Letter, by Nathaniel Hawthorne, is constructed around a scaffold, which provides the story with a constant reminder of sin.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The first scaffold scene sets the stage for the novel; it establishes who the main characters are, and where they stand in relation to each other in the story.   This scene is where Hester Prynne's sin first appears in the novel.   The "Goodwives" of the congregation discuss Hester's crime of adultery: "This woman has brought shame upon us all, and ought to die" (Hawthorne 59).   The scaffold allows Hester Prynne's sin to be publicized and marveled at by the New Englanders.   It is here that the reader becomes aware of Hester being shunned as an outsider, when she is placed on the scaffold: "Knowing well her part, she ascended a flight of wooden steps, and was thus displayed to the surrounding multitude, at about the height of a mans shoulders above the street . . . . The unhappy culprit sustained herself as best a woman might, under the heavy weight of a thousand unrelenting eyes" (63-64).   At the same time, the first scaffold scene is the setting for the introduction of Roger Chillingworth, Hester'shusband, and establishes his desire to punish the man who has wronged both hi... ...ficant in its own way. Without the scaffold's presence, the novel, The Scarlet Letter, could not stand.    Works Cited and Consulted Brodhead, Richard H., "New and Old Tales: The Scarlet Letter," Modern Critical Views Nathaniel Hawthorne, New York, Chelsea House Publishers, 1986. Dibble, Terry J., Cliff Notes on The Scarlet Letter, Lincoln, Cliff Notes, Inc., 1988. Fogle, Richard Harter, "The Scarlet Letter," Hawthorne's Fiction The Light and The Dark, Norman, University of Oklahoma Press, 1975. Hawthorne, Nathaniel. The Scarlet Letter. New York: St. Martins, 1991. Matthiessen, F.O., "The Scarlet Letter," Critics on Hawthorne, Readings in Literary Criticism: 16, Coral Gables, University of Miami Press, 1972. Matthiessen, F.O., Twentieth Century Interpretations of The Scarlet Letter, Englewood Cliffs, Prentice-Halls Inc., 1968. The Scaffold of Sin in The Scarlet Letter Essay -- Scarlet Letter essa The Scaffold of Sin in The Scarlet Letter   Ã‚  Ã‚   "This scaffold constituted a portion of a penal machine . . . . The very ideal of ignominy was embodied and made manifest in this contrivance of wood and iron" (Hawthorne 62-63). A scaffold's effect on the novel can be seen through an examination of the first, second, and third scaffold scenes.   These sections mark the beginning, middle, and end of the novel. The novel The Scarlet Letter, by Nathaniel Hawthorne, is constructed around a scaffold, which provides the story with a constant reminder of sin.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The first scaffold scene sets the stage for the novel; it establishes who the main characters are, and where they stand in relation to each other in the story.   This scene is where Hester Prynne's sin first appears in the novel.   The "Goodwives" of the congregation discuss Hester's crime of adultery: "This woman has brought shame upon us all, and ought to die" (Hawthorne 59).   The scaffold allows Hester Prynne's sin to be publicized and marveled at by the New Englanders.   It is here that the reader becomes aware of Hester being shunned as an outsider, when she is placed on the scaffold: "Knowing well her part, she ascended a flight of wooden steps, and was thus displayed to the surrounding multitude, at about the height of a mans shoulders above the street . . . . The unhappy culprit sustained herself as best a woman might, under the heavy weight of a thousand unrelenting eyes" (63-64).   At the same time, the first scaffold scene is the setting for the introduction of Roger Chillingworth, Hester'shusband, and establishes his desire to punish the man who has wronged both hi... ...ficant in its own way. Without the scaffold's presence, the novel, The Scarlet Letter, could not stand.    Works Cited and Consulted Brodhead, Richard H., "New and Old Tales: The Scarlet Letter," Modern Critical Views Nathaniel Hawthorne, New York, Chelsea House Publishers, 1986. Dibble, Terry J., Cliff Notes on The Scarlet Letter, Lincoln, Cliff Notes, Inc., 1988. Fogle, Richard Harter, "The Scarlet Letter," Hawthorne's Fiction The Light and The Dark, Norman, University of Oklahoma Press, 1975. Hawthorne, Nathaniel. The Scarlet Letter. New York: St. Martins, 1991. Matthiessen, F.O., "The Scarlet Letter," Critics on Hawthorne, Readings in Literary Criticism: 16, Coral Gables, University of Miami Press, 1972. Matthiessen, F.O., Twentieth Century Interpretations of The Scarlet Letter, Englewood Cliffs, Prentice-Halls Inc., 1968.

Two Views of the Mississippi

Two Views of the Mississippi Before beginning his vocation of being an author Samuel Clemens better known by his pen name Mark Twain, fulfilled his one lasting childhood ambition of becoming a steamboat pilot. Twain writes about his journey on the river in his autobiographical book Life on the Mississippi where in one section he talks about how one thing he would have to do is learn to distinguish the two views of the Mississippi, the beauty of the river and the navigational aspect of the river.I believe that one of the main messages is that even though you may love something, as time goes on you lose the beauty and innocence you had one seen in it. He describes this message through the use of figurative language and well placed rhetoric as he juxtaposes the ideas of the beauty and practicality of the Mississippi River. Mark Twain begins the first section of this excerpt with the statement that he â€Å"had mastered the language of this water†, which in all reality is actually a hyperbole, or an exaggeration, because nothing, ranging anywhere from breathing to performing a surgery, is ever truly able to be perfected or mastered.He uses this hyperbole at the beginning of this section to show how advanced he was in the knowledge of the river in that part of time. Twain then move on to use an oxymoron to describe the features of the river that he had â€Å"mastered† as â€Å"trifling†, or unimportant, saying that he knew every â€Å"trifling feature† along the river as he â€Å"knew the letters of the alphabet† with this he is saying that he knew all of these features of the river very well and to him they seemed irrelevant and saying he made a â€Å"valuable acquisition†.He uses this language to show us that all of the things along the river that he deals with everyday are irrelevant and unneeded. At the end of this section Twain juxtaposes this statement completely by calling all of these features â€Å"useful. † This language works because it creates a paradox with what he had previously said to show. This paradox shows that even though he may have said that this language is unimportant he actually does find it useful and needed in being a steamboat pilot.Twain carries on to say that he had lost something also, saying all of the beauty that he had once seen in the river was all gone except for one â€Å"wonderful† sunset that he experienced when he was new to steamboating. He describes the sunset with a metaphor saying â€Å"a broad expanse of the river was turned to blood† saying that the river is actually blood; this also personifies the river giving the river the human characteristic of having blood. Whereas later in the section Twain juxtaposes and begins the next bigger paradox with this by saying later in the piece that all the sun meant was that they were going to have wind the next day.Twain then describes the color of the water saying â€Å"in the middle distance the red hue brightened into gold. † He also talks about the other memorable sights that he saw on the Mississippi that night such as a log floating by and how in one place the water was smooth and there was a â€Å"slant mark lay sparkling across the water† and in another the â€Å"surface was broken by boiling tumbling rings that were as many-tinted as an opal. † Mark Twain uses a simile to describe the way that the sunset made a tree on the shore look by comparing to a glowing flame saying that â€Å"a single leafy bough glowed like a flame. He uses other romantic words to describe the condition of the water and the surroundings such as â€Å"delicately traced† and â€Å"graceful curves and that the lights of the sunset were covering his surroundings â€Å"with new marvels of colors. † The reason that Twain uses all of this figurative language and tools of figurative language is to in essence describe the beauty he saw that night in a way that it w ould paint in picture in the mind of the audience.He then goes on to juxtapose all of these previous features that he witnessed during the subject by describing that all that the â€Å"floating log means the river is rising† and that â€Å"slanting mark refers to a bluff reef† that could â€Å"kill somebody’s steamboat† and he continues to explain that all of the other sights he saw that night of the sunset were simply just nautical phenomena that he must watch out for to keep the steamboat out of danger.. All of these sights and contradictions that he made conclude the large paradox that Twain had set in this piece.These two sections also juxtapose each other in the sense of the style of language used. In the first section Twain uses more poetic or romantic type of language such as â€Å"river was turned to blood† and â€Å"single leafy bough glowed like a flame† to show and describe the beauty in what he had witnessed. Whereas in the secon d section Twain uses a more realistic style of language when he describes that all the things he saw were all just evidence of the changes in the river such as the sun meant that there was going to be wind the next day and the log meant that the water was rising or that the tree with the ingle branch would stand as a landmark to help guide him down the river. The language in these two sections differs so drastically because of the fact that Twain had gained more knowledge and experience in being a steamboat pilot and in his understanding in the river, and with this gained knowledge and experience all of the assets he had seen as beautiful and that astounded him during that memorable sunset had turned into simply just dangers that he had to look out for routinely as a steamboat pilot.The language difference in these sections reiterate the message of this piece being that as you gain knowledge and experience in something you lose the innocence you once had and in turn all the beauty a nd enjoyment fades and it seems to become merely a routine. It also shows how Mark Twain first saw so much beauty in the river when he was new to steamboating that he was â€Å"in a speechless rapture† and how as he gained experience and knowledge the beauty that the river had once held for him began to slowly diminish until it was completely gone and became simply signs that he must look for while piloting his steamboat down the river.Twain starts off in the next section of this excerpt describing the wonderment that the sunset he experienced had brought to him saying that he stood â€Å"like one bewitched†¦in a speechless rapture† and stated that â€Å"the world was new† to him and that he â€Å"had never seen anything like this at home. Not long after this he continues on and says that he â€Å"began to cease from nothing the glories and charms which the sun and the twilight wrought upon rivers face† and that â€Å"if that sunset scene had been repeated, I should have looked upon it without rapture†, this describes how he has lost all of the sense of beauty that the river had held during that sunset. He even says that at one time he altogether ceased to take notes of what he noticed on the river, which means that at one point he had completely lost interest in observing and learning about the river.This entire section is a complete contradiction to the previous section in which he described the beauty that the sunset held and how â€Å"a broad expansion of the river was turned to blood† to saying that none of that was correct that that â€Å"the romance and beauty were all gone from the river† and it was merely just all in all signs that a steamboat pilot needs to look out for when piloting a steam boat saying â€Å"all the value†¦was the amount of usefulness it could urnish toward compassing the safe piloting of a steamboat. † I believe that the river is a metaphor for all things that are l ost as time passes, because as the river lost its beauty to Twain, Twain also lost the whole hearted ambition that he had as a child to be a steamboat pilot. In the final paragraph of this excerpt Twain goes on to explain that all of the beauty that he had once seen in the river was nonexistent now.He then explains how he feels sorrow for everyone who has had all of the beauty they once saw in something simply fade away from them to where they ended simply in a routine-like life style like what Twain had happen to him. He finishes this passage with four rhetorical questions using a doctor, which I believe represents society, and a beautiful patient, which is representative of all the beautiful things in life, as an example asking if the doctor ever even notices the beauty in his patient or if he just works strictly in a professional, or routine, manner.He ends this excerpt with the most powerful question saying â€Å"and doesn’t he sometimes wonder whether he has gained most or lost most by learning his trade† it is in whole the message of this piece saying that someone may see beauty or enjoyment in certain aspects of life, but as you progress in gaining the knowledge and experience you lose your innocence and the beauty and enjoyment you had once seen fades to black and that passion becomes a task or a routine that you have to go through day after day; in a sense it is saying is it better to know few details and see the true beauty in things or would you rather understand all the details but see no romance or beauty? I believe that by this whole doctor scenario he actually asking does society even see the beauty in life or do they simply see what they need to see?Throughout this entire excerpt from his autobiographical piece Life on the Mississippi, Mark Twain talks about his life as a steamboat pilot on the Mississippi River, he talks about how he once saw such beauty and had so much fascination in the Mississippi River but as time progressed and he gained more and more knowledge and experience that beauty and wonderment he once saw began to disappear into just the things that became signs that he had to look for while piloting a steam boat just for safety. While doing this he has uses an extensive amount of rhetoric and figurative language to try to send a warning to his audience of the message that this piece holds. Twain uses this piece to warn his audience to the fact that as you gain knowledge on some aspect in your life you begin to lose your innocence, and with that loss of innocence something that may have once fascinated you so much may seem to lose the enjoyment it once held and eventually that part of your life will become simply a routine and machine-like habit.

Australian Concepts: the Merry Go Round in the Sea

Australia during the wartime. The concept of Australia from the viewpoint of six year old Rob Coral at the start of ‘The Merry-Go-Round in the Sea', is not actually about the country itself, but one that Is solely based upon his Immediate surroundings. The security of his family and of the land that Is his home, are the things that provide him with safety and identity. ‘He thought, often, of himself, of who he was, and why. He would think: I am Australian, and wonder why. How had he come to be Rob Coral, living in this town? This quote is taken from the beginning of the book. Here Rob is cost and often struggles to define his own Identity. The continual presence of the large Nameplates clan that he belongs to is very important, as it signifies, what Rob comes to believes, is his place in the world. This quote is an example of the shelter and protection Rob feels with family. ‘After that, the boy stopped listening to his mother's warnings of doom. But because no cata strophe was possible which she would not have foreseen, he felt secure with her, he felt that she could thwart any danger, except the one danger he really feared, which was made up of time and change and fragmentary talk of war.Rob is engrossed in Geraldine, his home. The single connection with the outside world he has Is of the war, which links to him simply because of his cousin and Idol, Rick, and having to move homes every now and then. The importance and value of close family bonds is a fundamental Australian belief that is still held today. Family is where we draws our base set of values and beliefs, and the frequent visits and gatherings Rob shares with his tens of aunts, uncles, grandparents and cousins Is one of the elements that define his world.Australia is depicted in hundreds of literary texts by images of the ‘bush' and outback. The landscape portrayed in most of the novel is set in more rural areas of Australia. Randolph Stow, the author, goes into a large amoun t of detail describing the scenery with Its sights, smells and sounds, as demonstrated by the following quote: ‘In the summersets along the dry creek that wound almost to the river at Install, cockatoos swirled like torn paper, catching the light. Rising from one tree, they flashed and screeched across the tiger striped sky to another, a quarter of a mile away.They Infested the tree like migratory fruit-blossom, flapping, tearing, and relining. ‘ Almost all of the descriptions are positive, planting the land In a beautiful and attractive light. The frequent mention of native animals and plants, FIFO together Walt ascriptions AT ten vastness Ana emptiness AT ten eternal Is unleaded Australian. Rob's life throughout the novel revolves around school, the beach and most importantly, his cousin Rick. It is the relationship between the two that supports the entire novel.The effect of Rick's character is complicated, as we see him largely through Rob's point of view. Being abse nt for half the book, his character can be official to grasp. While Rob adores and dollies Rick, the adults in the family are continually criticizing him after his return from the war. ‘Rick was immature. He was lazy. He was a narcissist. He used dirty language. He had stayed at the very bottom of the army. He refused to be a farmer. He talked like Hitler about the Bomb. He looked bored and miserable when he was with people Rob liked†¦ Before leaving for War, Rick had been a golden boy, but he never lived up to the family's expectations in the end. Although the war had a shattering effect on Rick, both physically and psychologically, it was this that lead to the development of his character; his loss of innocence and carefree attitude. He came home a changed man. While Rick's best friend Huge, whom he meets in the War, has managed to put the impressions of the War and its impact behind him and move on with life, memories of War continue to haunt Rick long after he returns home.Although this change in Rick's character is obvious to young Rob, he continues to admire his cousin. Quotes from the end of the book Justify this. ‘Rob's love for Rick was like an ache in his body,' and ‘He (Rob) seems o be trying to turn himself into a carbon copy of Rick,' Margaret Coral said. † Towards the end of the novel, Rob's perception of the world, his concept of Australia, has changed. ‘The world the boy had believed in did not, after all, exist. The world and the clan and Australia had been a myth of his mind, and he had been, all the time, an individual. In Rick's words, ‘Families and countries are biological accidents. ‘ Rob is forced to question the idea that although everyone comes from a family and country, it doesn't provide us with any identity, and everyone is an individual. As the novel progresses, Rob starts to doubt the beliefs of his family, beliefs that he had never challenged before, mainly due to Rick's actions and reactions after experiencing life so close to death, and his decision to leave Australia forever. ‘Look, kid,' Rick said, ‘Eve outgrown you. I don't want a family, I don't want a country.Eve grown up, and I'm on my own. ‘ Rick was turning his back on his home and as Rob's idol, forcing Rob to consider a life outside of what he had always known. While a great deal of ‘The Merry- Go- Round in the Sea' goes into detail featuring and ascribing the landscape, ‘Summer of the Seventeenth Doll', another popular Australian story, does the opposite. Being a play, the dialogue is the main thing that drives the plot, but with the novel, a variety of different scenes and settings is easier to portray. Setting in the play consists of only two locations, both indoors.The time periods of both stories are different, with ‘The Merry- Go- Round in the Sea' set during the wartime and depression, while ‘Summer of the Seventeenth Doll', a few years after. This co ntributes to the different behaviors and way of life of the harassers in the stories. The main similarity between the two texts is the symbols of the kepi doll and merry-go-round. Both are recurring motifs in their own stories. The kepi doll is a representation of the relationship between Olive and ROR, two main characters in the play.Unmarried, and taking the chance to see each other for only Twelve months every year, tenure Is never any progress In tenet relations anon t doll signifies the fragility and artificial bond between them. Olive wants to keep their relationship the way it is, like a teenage romance. The doll is flawless, but its refection is fake. The merry-go-round has similar significance. It too, is a symbol of perfection, of Rob's ideal world. At the beginning, it is one of Rob's greatest desires to learn how to swim to what he believes is the ‘merry-go-round in the sea', which is really the mast of a sunken shipwreck.When Rob asks his mother, ;Why? Why can't w e go there? ‘ , she answers with, ‘Oh- because of the war. ‘ This leads him to dislike the war, in addition to it also taking Rick away and causing change in Rob's life and home. He imagines that when the war is over, he will swim to the merry-go-round, Rick will return, he'll move home, and things will be perfect. However, this is not the case. The last sentence of the novel reflects the change from start to end of the story, and Rob's growth towards maturity. He thought of a windmill that had become a merry-go-round in a backyard, a merry-go-round that had been a substitute for another, now ruined merry-go-round, which had been itself a crude promise of another merry-go-round most perilously rooted in the sea. ‘ The major themes of time and change are shared in both stories. ‘The world would revolve around him (Rob), ND nothing would ever change. He would bring Rick to the merry-go-round, and Aunt Kay, and they would stay there always, spinning and di ving and dangling their feet in the water, and it would be today forever. This quote demonstrates Rob's aversion to change and time's unceasing forward momentum. He wants everything to be the way it was before Rick went to war, and this is also symbolized by the merry- go-round in the sea. This fear of change is identical to Olive's feelings in ‘Summer of the Seventeenth Doll'. Even after seventeen years of no change and progress, Olive is tuck in a time warp, wants to keep things the way they are and continue acting like a young adult.She is afraid of commitment and not feeling youthful anymore, causing her to cling on to her young and innocent kepi dolls for security and comfort. ‘Olive (to ROR): ‘l want what I had before. You give it back to me; give me back what you've taken. ‘ When things start to change in the seventeenth summer, Olive doesn't react well and by the end of the play, she is left with nothing. The tradition of metathesis, although frequent in other countries as well, is a very rage part of Australia and the bond between its men.The ‘outback man' is a famous Australian icon that is incorporated into thousands of movies, poems, novels and songs. The strong, very masculine impressions they exude of power, pride and being ‘one' with the land is a famous and commonly used Australian stereotype. Both Rick and ROR in the texts radiate the ‘outback man' persona. They are strong, much more physically than mentally and both are very tough. The metathesis between Rick and Huge is very deep, largely because of what they shared through the war.When in a fife and death situation, the trust and loyalty between the men had to be strong, and the experiences they went through together is something neither will forget easily. ‘The skeleton of Hugh McKay lay on the floor. ‘Rick,' Hugh said, breathing painfully. ‘I drank your water. ‘ ‘That's all right. ‘ ‘No, no- bastard of a t hing to do. ‘ ‘Don't be stupid,' Rick said. What's a mate for? ‘ This quote reveals how meaningful are on the verge of death. This metathesis is similar to that of ROR and Barneys in ‘Summer of the Seventeenth Doll'.Although their bond may not have been as deep, hey still relied on each other a lot during the cane season up North where they worked as cutters. ROR and Barney have the same loyal and ‘got your back attitude, which, even though it comes into question, proves to be strong by the end of the story. While ‘Summer of the Seventeenth Doll' is similar to ‘The Merry Go Round in the Sea's' themes, symbols and characters, the poem, ‘My Country by Throated Mackerel is comparable to the novel through images of Australia's landscape. Depictions of its beauty and magnificence are plentiful in both texts.The book concentrates on a mall area of Australia because it is where the action takes place, whilst the poem gives a picture of Austra lia as a whole. Mackerel's attitude in ‘My Country is enthusiastic and positive, while Stows is more restrained. There is similar imagery between the two texts in some descriptions. ‘l love a sunburns country; a land of sweeping plains' refers to Australia's vast, brownish-red land, and its sun drenched weather. A vision like this is also expressed in the novel. ‘The hills and soils were red- brown and stony, brownish purple in the distance. Australia is often represented by TTS landscape and so it is not common to find that different texts have described the country in comparable ways. Stow has masterfully captured the atmosphere of growing up in Australia in the sass's. The concept of Australia explored by the novel has reinforced my perceptions of the land. Its conception of the landscape, what it means to be Australian and whether it is possible to outgrow your country has broadened my outlook and even question a few of my own values. It raises profound issues that cause readers to stop and consider what it really means to be Australian.

Prince Henry the Navigator

Prince Henry the Navigator Prince Henry the Navigator Prince Henry the Navigator was born 1394 and died 1460. Even know he died doesn't mean I can’t refresh your memory about him. Prince Henry was a Portuguese royal prince, solider, and patron of explores. Henry sent many sailing expeditions. Prince Henry father is of King John I of Portugal and his English wife, Philippa of Lancaster. When he was 21, Prince Henry attacked the Moslem port of Ceutha in north Morocco. This successful attack in 1415 inspired Prince Henry to explore Africa, most of which was unknown to Europeans. Prince Henry created the school of navigation.About 1418, Prince Henry started the first school for oceanic navigation along with an observatory at Sagres, Portugal. In this school, people were trained in navigation, map-making, and science, in order to sail down the west of Africa. Prince Henry of Navigation traveled all over the place like West Africa at this time, no Europeans had sailed past the treac herous Cape Bojador and returned alive. Cape Bojador is on the coast of Africa just below latitude. Prince Henry the Navigator established his own court at Sagres and sponsored voyages of discovery in the Madeira Island and along the western coast of Africa.As grand master of the Order of Christ, he gained funds for backing voyages aimed at the conversion of pagans. His patronage led to development of the Portuguese caravel and improved navigational instruments and the advancement cartography. See I told you can learn a lot from reading my essay I bet you barely knew some of the things I told you I even learned a lot to. Bibliography http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Henry_the_Navigator#Early_life http://www. enchantedlearning. com/explorers/page/h/henry. shtml

How to Structure a Dissertation: Chapters & Sub Chapters

The following post includes a concise and in-depth overview of the chapters and subchapters normally contained within a dissertation. These would be very useful when deciding what should go where, and what you should write next. We use this template at our site when assisting students with their dissertations and in particular writing dissertation chapters. We hope you benefit strongly from it as well.Dissertation Chapters & Sub ChaptersDissertations should be structured in the following manner:TITLE PAGEACKNOWLEDGEMENTDEDICATIONABSTRACTTABLE OF CONTENTSLIST OF TABLES (If available) LIST OF FIGURES (if available)INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY ORGANISATION UNDER STUDY PROBLEM STATEMENT RESEARCH OBJECTIVE DISSERTATION STRUCTURELITERATURE REVIEWINTRODUCTION LITERATURE REVIEW FINAL SUBCHAPTERS SHOULD INCLUDE: LITERATURE REVIEW SUMMARY RESEARCH QUESTION Do not be descriptive in your literature review. For every one of 2 reviews on a particular subject, come up with equal critiques by opposing authors to have a balanced critique of the subject you are reviewing.METHODOLOGYRESEARCH PHILOSOPHY RESEARCH APPROACH RESEARCH STRATEGY DATA COLLECTION DATA ANALYSIS ACCESS RELIABILITY, VALIDITY, AND GENERALISABILITY ETHICAL ISSUES RESEARCH LIMITATIONS Dissertation Chapters For most sections of the methodology, you should include an appropriate rationale for why you chose to use that particular methodology over an opposing methodology. If you choose positivist over interpretivist, why did you do it? RESULTSIf Quantitative, you should include all the figures, along with a description of the results. If Qualitative or Case Study, you should include the relevant findings in a descriptive format.DISCUSSIONJustification of research topic (why you chose that topic) Recap of Literature Review, and Methodology Justification of Sample Brief Recap of Results Analysis – Split the research question into different sections, and answer each one of the sub questions, based on Literature Review and Results. Then eventually, write a summary that answers the whole research question. Analysis – Make sure you answer the research question. The results should be analyzed in line with the Literature you reviewed in Chapter 2.CONCLUSIONRECOMMENDATIONSREFERENCES A ND BIBLIOGRAPHYAPPENDIXYou must be a good storyteller to write a dissertation. You are not expected to interview or survey anybody, but you must be able to understand the organisation, literature review and methodology, up until the point that you can write a convincing thesis to answer your proposed research question (ask for samples if you need them). I suggest and totally recommend that you start from the literature review. We have provided a simple guide called, how to write a dissertation the literature review, that might be helpful to you. Since you are not really conducting the interviews and reports, the literature review would give you a well-rounded overview of the topic. Most social sciences and Law dissertations adopt secondary research, compared to business dissertations that primarily use Primary Research. Ensure that your choice of research is the most adequate for the topic you are working on. Summary Reviewer John – WP Admin Review Date 2017-08-18 Reviewed Item Dissertation Writing Guide: How to Structure a Dissertation? Author Rating 5

Authoritarian Leadership Style against the Democratic One Essay

Authoritarian Leadership Style against the Democratic One - Essay Example When I attended a particular seminar, the speaker requested the audience to create a group which is composed of ten (10) members. There were five (5) groups created at that time. The speaker, then, instructed all groups to present a play about a particular social problem. Since one of the members of our group was a member of the school’s theater guild, we then chose her to be our leader. Later on, we talked about the conduct of the play. During our practice, I did not expect the girl to be authoritative. She was not entertaining the comments and suggestions of the other group members. She wanted all of us to obey her commands and wishes as to the play’s conduct. Some of the group members were passive of her attitude but I and the rest were infuriated. I actually confronted the girl and told her to stop being bossy since the success of the play ultimately depends upon all our efforts. Nevertheless, the girl did not listen to my advice. As a result, our group presented a very bad performance. Robert Greenleaf actually considers being authoritative as a destructive leadership behavior (as cited in Schyns, & Hansbrough, 2010, p. x). The destructive character that is attached to this kind of conduct connotes that it is, in fact, bad and undesirable. Greenleaf cites that self-interest is the primary reason for the occurrence of this behavior (as cited in Schyns, & Hansbrough, 2010, p. x). According to him, a leader who is driven by self-interest aims to benefit himself or herself in every group endeavor at the expense of his or her followers, whose interest and needs are either disregarded or trampled upon (Greenleaf, as cited in Schyns, & Hansbrough, 2010, p. x). This kind of leader destroys the coordination and potency of the group. He or she will also emotionally strain his or her followers (Tepper, as cited in Schyns, & Hansbrough, 2010, p. x). This finding is in accord with what I had experienced.

3DCS & 3DMS part A Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

3DCS & 3DMS part A - Coursework Example development as it seeks to infuse aspirations, develop interpersonal and other required skills and make the employees equipped of the necessary skill set which makes them adept to handle their job responsibilities and grow in their career and life. As stated earlier, relationship between mentor and mentee is more on personal lines than formal based. This is so because it is not dependent on any specific task or outcome and as such, involves many outcomes and learning processes. Some of the key aspects in the mentor and mentee relationship are: Mentor mentee relationship is free from implied or open authority as enjoyed by coaches. This is so because coaches are deputed for some specific outcomes and its achievement is crucial to their training purpose. However, mentoring is a relationship free of power and based on mutual trust and respect as both the mentor and the mentee tend to gain from each other. While a coach can insist on the compliance, a mentee has full rights to decide upon the relationship tenure, intensity and focus. In a nutshell, self-selection is the initiator in the mentor mentee relationship where mentee picks up the mentor as contrasted to coaching where coach selects the trainee. The relation being an open and trusted one, objectivity substitutes subjectivity in the outlook of both the parties. When both of them learn from each other, it is essential that no single entity tries to impose one’s opinion or belief onto the other and provide complete freedom to think and act. A mentor is supposed to advise more than mere telling or commanding. In this light, it is imperative that the mentor is aware and knowledgeable of the best interests of the mentee. This is advantageous to allow the mentee think on exact lines as whatever will be advised by him will be taken seriously by the mentee. Thus, only such advises should be put forth which are sure to be accepted and relevant to the interest and situation for the mentee. Mentoring started off as

Sports injuries Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Sports injuries - Research Paper Example Although most people do not lose their consciousness, there is a tendency to forget events prior to or immediately after concussions. In some cases, individuals sustaining concussions simply feel confused. A concussion may not be life-threatening, but it can have very serious effects on an individual’s health (Cornell University). The symptoms of concussion are rare to notice. In most cases, it is difficult to tell if someone has sustained concussion especially if there are no bruises on the head. However, there are some signs that manifest in most patients who have sustained concussion. Some of the physical signs include nausea, vomiting, persistent headaches, dizziness, high sensitivity to light, blurred vision, tiredness, and balance problems. Some of the emotional signs include sadness, anxiety, bad mood, and unusually high temper. Young children with concussions can develop prolonged headaches, cry more than usual, change the way they act or play, develop sad mood, and lose interest in their usual activities. They can also lose new skills such as toilet training. In addition, they can have trouble while walking or even lose their balance. Moreover, they can easily be upset or lose their tempers (Cornell University). The long-term effects of concussions depend on the severity of the injury, subsequent treatment, and the age of the athlete. Concussions caused by severe injuries often take very long periods to heal. Similarly, untreated symptoms of concussions may take a long period to subside. Additionally, very young athletes take more time than adults to recover from concussions (Cornell University). Second impact syndrome occurs mostly in young athletes, particularly the ones under the age of 18. It usually arises when an individual sustains a concussion before recovering completely from a prior brain injury. The second concussion interrupts cerebral blood flow, subsequently triggering vascular engorgement, herniation of the brain, and increased

Environmental Science IP2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Environmental Science IP2 - Essay Example High birth rates are due to lack of family planning as methods such as the use of contraceptives are discouraged or people lack information about them. The stage is further characterized by high mortality rates which normally arise from the prevalence of communicable diseases. Poor hygienic conditions which are marked by lack of clean water and improper means of waste disposal is another key factor in this stage. The second phase is marked with a decline in death rate due to improved medical care, proper sanitation and increased availability of food while birth rates still remain high. This stage is also referred to as early expanding stage. Improvement of food capacity backed up by proper storage equipment enables people to live longer until they attain adulthood. There is high fertility rate especially in rural areas where people give birth to very many children hence increased birth rates. This stage is marked by a decreasing trend in the rate of births while mortality rate tends to remain constant. The decrease in birth rate arises when people begin to take up birth control measures such as the use of contraceptives so that they can be able to cope up with the rising standards of living especially in the urban centers. This period is also termed late expanding owing to the fact that the economic status is on the rise. The phase is marked by stabilization in the population in which an equilibrium level between birth rate and death rate has been achieved. This is a typical case of developed economies that have attained low stationery economic growth. The death rates are extremely low due to proper health care while the birth rates are low due to population policies that have been set up by the government to control population. Factors that lead to decline in crude birth rates includes the acceptance of birth control measures, enactment of legislations that are aimed at controlling birth rates while those that lead to decrease in

Romeo and juliet Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Romeo and juliet - Essay Example In my opinion, no one is directly to blame for the tragedy, it was matter-of fact, faults that occurred. The dispute between the Capulet’s and the Montague’s has expanded generations. The young love which has capitulated Romeo and Juliet into each other’s arms was something that nobody can help. It is quite true that love sees no reason, it only sees what it wants to see and this sets off their romantic story. As a famous line by Juliet in the play goes â€Å"Whats in a name? That which we call a rose. By any other name would smell as sweet† (Shakespeare, 55). The bickering of the two families is reminiscent of the problems which is the whole tragedy of the story. It was the plot of the play. It was a number of misfortunes that rolled into the final event. If there was any into the series of events that I would have to consider pivotal in the deaths it would have to be the slipup of the messenger in not being able to deliver the message to Romeo. A passage in the play goes (Shakespeare): When the message was not delivered to Romeo it was the culmination of the succeeding events. His ignorance of the fact that Juliet is not really dead aroused his emotions which led to his consequent suicide. Had he been informed that Juliet merely drank a potion but not poison then he would not have killed himself. In this case it would have to be in relation to the fault of Friar Laurence. The idea was set in motion by Father Laurence and therefore it is primarily his hand in the whole plan designed to ideally bring them back together. When he wed the two without the blessing of their families it was the start of the predicament escalating. He believed that by marrying the two he would be able to alleviate the two families’ war. ‘To turn your households rancour to pure love’ (Shakespeare, 115). He was helpless with the pleas of the couple. It was to their hearts desire that they be wed and there was little to nothing that could stop them from their

Culture and Leadership in Microsoft Research Paper

Culture and Leadership in Microsoft - Research Paper Example Culture and leadership are the two main and basic features of the organizations involved in any kind of business or service provision. These elements enable a company to flourish and achieve its aims and objectives in a much clearer way than those workplaces which lack proper formulation and translation of the values and norms. When we see the success stories of the leading, global firms around us, it gives a good realization of the fact that a good leadership and a sophisticated organizational culture form a good organization. This paper discusses the concept of organizational culture and leadership in a detailed context. It also gives a comprehensive overview of these concepts with reference to Microsoft. Organizational Culture The concept of organizational culture plays an important role in the life and functioning of any organization. Defining the term in its specific context, the culture of an organization pertains to an idea referring to the aspect of organizational studies and management which explains the attitudes, experiences, psychology, beliefs and values related to an organization. According to many management experts the concept of organizational culture is described as the explicit compilation of norms and values which are commonly shared by groups and people in an organization. These values, beliefs and norms also influence the way the people in an organization communicate and network with one another and with the external parties and stakeholders outside the organization. To extend it further, these ideas and beliefs explain the nature of goals that the members in an organization normally follow. The culture also translates the suitable standards of behaviors, attitudes and the environment w hich are used by the members of the organization. Leadership Leadership is one of the main elements of the organizational management. According to many management experts and gurus, the term is described as the process of influencing the society and the workforce in which one member acts as the leaders and lists the support and assistance for other people and the subordinate in order to achieve the completion of a tasks which is being worked on as a mutual goal. The act of leading refers to the creation of a way through which the people in an organization put in their efforts and contributions in order to contribute something unusual to happen. Talking specifically about the implementation and influence if leadership in the organization, the effectiveness of this act pertains to the capability of the /leader to execute a successful maximization and instability to successfully integrate and maximize available resources within the internal and external environment for the attainment o f organizational or societal goals 1 Microsoft Microsoft Corporation is the leading organization in the field of the provision of computer hardware and software products. The company is a public multinational based in America and is headquartered in Redmond, Washington, USA. The company is basically involved in the development, manufacturing, licensing and supporting a diverse variety of services and products which are chiefly connected to the computer-related technology thorough the divisions of many of its product divisions2. The history of Microsoft Corporation briefly dates back to April 4, 1975 and this was the time when BASIC interpreters was developed and sold to Altair 8800. The company also rose to control the computer operating system in the home market in mid-1980s with MS-DOS, which was later followed by the introduction of the modern Microsoft Windows line of operating systems. The Microsoft Corpora